Tsunami occur when a major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surfache ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the eartquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the Earth's crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
Tsunamis wash ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning, and damage to property.
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